Doe Season - 855 Words

Doe Season In the short story Doe season, David Kaplan creates a character named Andrea, who would rather be called Andy. Doe Season is not simply a story about a young girl’s hunting trip with her father and friends. During the few days that Andy is on the hunting trip, she takes an incredible journey trying to find out who she really is. Usually, hunting deer is an event reserved for young men and their fathers. Yet, it is through this outing that Andy experiences a rite of passage into womanhood. All through her life Andy has acknowledged herself as being able to relate to male figures and being more similar to her father than her mother. Andy is a young girl who enters the world of a boy s rite of passage to adulthood,†¦show more content†¦When Mac, Charlie’s son, mentions to Andy that Canada is nearby, Andy rejects the idea. These same woods could not possibly go to a foreign country that is not part of home. Just as Andy is emerging into a new person, the woods ar ound her are no longer the same as they were when she originally left home by the end of the journey. Both Charlie and Mac do not like, nor understand the idea that Andy is coming along on their hunting trip to the Pennsylvania countryside. Charlie continually questioning Andy’s father: Charlie Spoon was driving. â€Å"I don’t understand why she’s coming,† he said to her father. â€Å"How old is she anyway—eight?† â€Å"Nine,† her father replied. â€Å"She’s small for her age.† â€Å"So—nine. What’s the difference? She’ll just add to the noise and get tired besides† (511). This goes to show that Charlie does not believe that girls or women should go hunting. He does not think that Andy is capable of keeping up with the men, this is very stereotypical. Culture has changed and it is now acceptable for women to go hunting and do outdoor activities. There are many women and girls who go hunting with their fathers in today’s world, but there are still men that think it’s a man’s job. Andy’s father does not see a problem with Andy going hanging with the guys. He sticks up for her every time Charlie and Mac ask why she’s coming with. When Charlie repeatedly stated that he didn’t understand why she was coming, Andy’s father says, â€Å"She can walkShow MoreRelatedDoe Season: Andys Epiphany820 Words   |  4 Pagesprocess of finding out who one is can be very turbulent and confusing. Through growing up one goes through so many different changes in terms of ones personality and deciding who they are and what they want to be. The little girl in David Kaplans Doe Season goes through one of these changes, as do many other adolescents confused about who they are, and finds out that there are some aspects of a persons identity that cannot be changed no matter how hard he/she tries. brbrAndy is a nine-year-oldRead MoreAnalysis of Doe Season Essay701 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"Doe Season† The short story, â€Å"Doe Season† written by David Michael Kaplan is about a young girl’s loss of innocence and hesitation towards womanhood. In this story, the protagonist, an eight year old girl joins in on a hunting trip with her father and some friends. During this trip, Andy learns that being one of the boys may not be what she aspires after all. A few literary elements Kaplan uses helps readers better understand the story while reading such as, the characters, settingRead More Doe Season: Andys Epiphany Essay1007 Words   |  5 Pagesof finding out who one is can be very turbulent and confusing. Through growing up one goes through so many different changes in terms of ones personality and deciding who they are and what they want to be. The little girl in David Kaplans quot;Doe Seasonquot; goes through one of these changes, as do many other adolescents confused about who they are, and finds out that there are some aspects of a persons identity that cannot be cha nged no matter how hard he/she tries. Andy is a nine-year-old girlRead MoreAnalysis Of David Kaplan s Doe Season854 Words   |  4 Pages Everyone goes through changes in life, especially ones that define who you are. In David Kaplan’s short story â€Å"Doe Season,† he portrays a young tomboyish girl that metamorphosis into a young woman over a short hunting trip. Not only does the young girl enjoy spending time with her father, but she enjoys the things that he does – shooting, camping, hunting. This is not typical of your average girl, or even a 9-year-old girl. Throughout the story there are symbols that show the audience Andy’s conflictsRead MoreLetter of Recommendation2077 Words   |  9 Pagespages.    · List your contact information if you are willing to field follow-up correspondence.    · Proofread! The letter of recommendation represents both you and the applicant.   EXAMPLE: To Whom it May Concern:   I highly recommend Jane Doe as a candidate for employment. Jane was employed by Company Name as an Administrative Assistant from 2002 - 2005. Jane was responsible for office support including word processing, scheduling appointments and creating brochures, newsletters, and otherRead MoreEssay about Deer Hunting1080 Words   |  5 Pagesindividual must get prepared for the beginning of the deer-hunting season. Contact your local parks and wildlife organization to find out the rules and regulations for that particular season, the dates for the season, and bag limits. Once you have gathered this information, go to any sporting goods or hardware store to purchase a hunting license. A combination hunting and fishing license usually costs around $55. In preparing for the season, you also need to find a hunting club or lease. When looking forRead MoreThe Transition Into Womanhood By David Michael Kaplan894 Words   |  4 Pagesrest of her life. As for Andy, she is a mixture of both. She begins the story with a younger girl’s view on life with flashes of womanhood running through her vision and then with the experience of killing a doe, she transitions into the woman she is meant to be. Throughout the story â€Å"Doe Season† written by David Michael Kaplan, the reader is able to witness Andy’s varying sense of womanhood and her complete transformation into it. Andy begins her journey into womanhood when she wakes up for the huntingRead MoreDeer Hunting987 Words   |  4 Pagesleads to the food source. Also if you cut your on trail they will use this to. Deer are funny creatures when it becomes hunting season. This takes place around the last week of October to the first week of January. At this time the does, which are female deer, still have fawns, which are baby deer, with them. The fawns are from last year’s mating season. The mating season of a deer is called the rut. This usually happens on the second full moon after the fall equinox which occurs from as early asRead MoreMy Fondest Memories Of The Hunt Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pagesthick North Face coat, and my cozy camouflage stocking hat made me feel invisible from the chilly and windy environment. As I waited in the buddy stand, I stared out into the timber of opportunity. More in more, I noticed the transitioning of seasons. The season of fall was in full force, but the cold weather of winter was quickly taking control like a boy experiencing puberty. Lone survivors of dead and colorless leaves clung to their branches, but eventually they surrendered and sailed to the groundRead More Deer Overpopulation and Some Proposed Solutions Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pages particularly in Pennsylvania and Michigan. Despite the amount they are hunted, both in and out of season, you can not drive more than a few miles out of the towns without seeing one that was hit by a car. The deer population in this area just keeps growing. It is unclear what should be done to stop the over population of this beautiful creature. Perhaps different hunting seasons or longer seasons are the answer. Possibly we should focus more on the development of birth control for the female deer

Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War Free Essays

string(177) " to carry pitchers of water to the artillery gunners, and she even took over her husband’s job as rammer when her husband was wounded and could no longer man the gun mission\." The Influence of Women on the Founding of America and Through 1877 Kelley Swatsenbarg Wayland Baptist University – San Antonio Center Mr. Thomas Gaj May 4, 2010 The Influence of Women on the Founding of America and Through 1877 Throughout the many years of history, women have always had some kind of influence over man. Whether it be coercing him, tricking him, or demanding of him, they changed the actions of men. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes it has been completely unintentional; sometimes intentional. Sometimes it has been covertly; sometimes overtly. Sometimes it has been the mothers of great men making decisions about their upbringing; sometimes it has been the choices made by female leaders or leaders wives. The United States in no different; women have been influencing, directly or indirectly, the decision and actions of the men in America starting from the choice to fund Christopher Columbus’s misguided exploration. Famous foreign rulers have influence America, from the beginning of the history of the United States. The first, of course, is the famous Isabella, Queen of Spain, who convinced King Ferdinand to finance Christopher Columbus’s exploration to find a route to Asia by traveling west. Then Elizabeth, Queen of England, decided to try to colonize the Americas to get tax revenue thus causing great numbers of Englishmen to colonize the United States. Some women did what they could within the confines of their traditionally established role of nurturer and were involved in the medical field. Two examples are Susie King Taylor and Mary Edwards Walker. Susie King Taylor traveled with her husband who was in E Company 33rd United States Colored Troops during the Civil War. She was a former slave who became their nurse, laundress, cook, teacher, and even comforted the sick soldiers even on their deathbed. Mary Edwards Walker was also a Union nurse during Civil War who finally won a commission in the army as a surgeon, and was the only woman to receive a Congressional Medal of Honor. Dorthea Dix helped organize the Union Army Corp of Nurses and was appointed superintendent of the Union nurses. There was the teacher, Clara Barton, now a famous humanitarian, who, after the outbreak of the Civil War, remained in contact with many former students in the New England Volunteer Regiment that went south. Their mothers gave her gifts for their sons as they thought that she, as a nurse, would be able to get packages to them. She realized that these were not gifts, but rather necessities like soap; from this she created the American Red Cross. She was also a Union nurse who bravely stayed to help surgeons under fire when all the male assistants fled. Some women personally aided soldiers and the underprivileged. One such woman was Margaret Corbin who traveled with her husband to take care of him during the war, doing woman’s work, but was in a battle with her husband. When he died in battle, she took over the cannon; she was wounded and later received the first retired disability pension for a woman. Some women created inspiration in various forms of literature to give hope to the men of this nation. One was Ethel Lynn Beers who wrote poetry and published a poem she’d titled â€Å"The Picket Guard. † The poem was adapted to music and sung by soldiers on both sides in the Civil War. Another woman of inspiration is Lydia Maria Child who wrote An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans_ _that was a key to persuading many Americans of the need for abolition of slavery. Some women were acclaimed worldwide, like Catherine Maria Sedgwick, who wrote numerous historical sketches and biographies. Her writing is considered to be completely American in both thought and feeling; it captured the all of the characterx and manners of New England. Another American author was Mercy Otis Warren, the wife of politician, James Warren; the couple had a close friendship with Abigail and John Adams. John encouraged her to write the history of the American Revolution. Ironically, he ostracized her and her husband because of candid accounts of atrocities against women and children during the war. By far the most famous writer to influence politics was Harriet Beecher Stowe who became a celebrity when she published Tom’s Cabin in 1851 depicting the atrocious lives of black slaves in the South. In 1852 she was introduced to President Abraham Lincoln who greeted her â€Å"So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started this Great War! † Other women created patriotic symbols which would inspire generations of Americans. Betsy Ross, operated an upholstery shop, became legendary for making the first stars-and-stripes at the request of George Washington which was adopted as the national flag by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1777. Another example of a woman who inspired is Julia Ward Howe, a famous writer who wrote the celebrated Battle Hymn of the Republic. Many women inspired men through their patriotic activities. One great patriot that inspired Georgia was their most famous female patriot of the Revolutionary War, Nancy Hart, whose steadfast endeavors get rid of British and their sympathizers. However the most famous heroic female patriot, in spite of her flaws, is Dolly Madison, the wife of James Madison and acting first lady for Thomas Jefferson. She could have influence them in their politics, but she inspired the masses with her patriot deeds. During her husband’s tenure as president, the British attacked Washington, D. C. She had the foresight to save not only the silver but also secret documents and a portrait of George Washington which would have likely been destroyed. Another patriot was Molly Pitcher, originally named Mary Ludwig Hays. During the Battle of Monmouth in 1778, she was with her husband on the front lines. Seeing that the soldiers were thirsty, she made her way through ferocious fighting to carry pitchers of water to the artillery gunners, and she even took over her husband’s job as rammer when her husband was wounded and could no longer man the gun mission. You read "Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War" in category "Papers" Sometimes women invented machines or assisting others in their endeavors to invent. For example, Martha Coston developed an elaborate system of flares called Night Signals that allowed ships to transmit nocturnal messages which was later purchased by the U. S. Navy. Also, Mary Walton patented a method of deflecting smoke stack emissions through water tanks later adapted the system for use on locomotives and invented a noise reduction system for elevated railroads. On the other hand Catharine (Kitty) Littlefield Greene helped Eli Whitney set up his workshop and was among the few people to see his first prototype of the cotton gin. At the time it was able to remove the seed, but the cotton fibers kept getting stuck in the mechanisms. Kitty simply suggested sweeping the fibers off and the rest, shall we say, is history. Some women have taken steps out of the boundaries of the traditional role by being the first woman to surpass a man in a particular field. Among these was Lady Deborah Moody who, because of lack of religious freedom, led a group of followers to the Dutch colony of New Netherland where she founded the settlement of Gravesend in Brooklyn. Also because of views about standard religions, Mary Baker Eddy founded Christian Science as well as the six time Pulitzer Prize winning newspaper, The Christian Science Monitor. Still other women inspired men to think of women as more equal by making the same achievements as men. First there was Mary Katherine Goddard, the first woman publisher who was asked by the signers of the Declaration of Independence to print the first official copies of the document. There was also Margaret Fuller, the first female foreign correspondent. In medicine, Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman to graduate from medical school, and Sarah Hackett Stevenson was the first female member of the American Medical Association. Sometimes women influence men by political activism like Harriett Delille who campaigned for children’s labor rights or Ester Deberdt Reed who formed a women’s organization that collected $300,000 for Washington’s army. Still others campaigned for workers’ rights like Sarah Bagley who fought for a ten-hour workday. Of course now the laws state that a workday must be no longer than eight hours a day or forty hours per week, but we would not have progressed to where we are without her protesting. Others spoke out for women’s rights like Susan B. Anthony, Isabella Stowe Beecher, Lucretia Coffin Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, just to name a few. Yet others spoke out against slavery like Abby Folsom, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Maria Stewart, and Truth Sojourner. Victoria Woodhull took activism a step further when she became a politician and was the first women to campaign for president of the United States in 1872. Sometimes their influence has simply been by virtue of the fact that they were married to famous men and they have influenced their husbands’ actions. Martha Washington, as we all know, was the wife of President George Washington. She was the first first-lady forming the model for all first ladies to come with her abilities to balance managing a plantation, arranging state dinners and function, visiting troops, and maintaining her relationship with George by supporting and advising him. Abigail Smith Adams was the wife of Samuel Adam and mother of John Quincy Adams who would later become president. She was his confidant, counselor, and advisor sharing her political views with him and even warning him about future problems including women’s rights. Their son, John Quincy Adams married Louisa Adams. Louisa, the only first lady not born in America, is reputed to have made many social calls to help him get elected. Deborah Read Franklin was the common law wife of Benjamin Franklin. She also took over his responsibilities as owner of a printing business and as postmaster while he was away on diplomatic affairs. On the other hand, Elizabeth Schuler Hamilton spent her entire life dedicated to memorializing her husband’s heritage. She even ensured a brass plaque was placed on their son’s grave in Sacramento, California dedicated to Alexander’s patriotism. Sarah Livingston Jay would pass valuable information, and gossip, to her husband, John Jay which helped him while he was secretary of foreign affairs – this position was also the head of Congress and thereby the de-facto head of state. Mary White Morris and her husband Robert Morris were close friends of John and Sally Jay, often having many a long political discussion. While Rebecca Ann Felton, the husband of William Felton, helped him write his speeches while he served as a congressman between 1875 thru 1881. Still other women were simply involved with activities which have influenced domestic politics like, Irene Sanford Emerson who was sued by a former slave, Dred Scott. Mr. Scott traveled with Mr. Emerson while he was in the army stationed in the North; he claimed he had been emancipated as a result of having lived with his master in the free state of Illinois. The court ruled in favor of Mrs. Emerson; Mr. Scott appealed to the Supreme Court where the decision was upheld, but it set the precedence that blacks had a legal right to file suit in a civil court, as previously blacks were considered property and therefore, like a chair, could not litigate. There were also many Native American women who assisted and acted as diplomats for the settlers and colonists. One was Mary Musgrove, an American Indian interpreter, diplomat, and businesswoman. She was raised by Colonists and, because she knew both languages well, she interpreted for James Oglethorpe when he founded the colony of Georgia. She also inherited land from her Native American mother, as their tradition was to pass property down the matriarchal line. The English refused to accept the legality of her property ownership and she took them to court. They negotiated and came to a compromise; some of the land was sold by the British with her receiving the proceeds. Then there was Pocahontas, Native American princess who helped the Jamestown settlers by bringing them food and warning them of her father’s attacks. She was held prisoner by the settlers in an effort to force her father into a peace agreement, but he refused; she eventually converted her to Christianity and married John Rolfe. Because of her position as wife of John Rolfe and daughter of an Indian chief, she was able to maintain peace between the two communities. Sacajawea was another Native American who influenced American politics. She was married to a French man, Toussaint Charbonneau, the guide hired by Lewis and Clark on their famous expedition. Sacajawea went with her husband and interpreted with the Native American Indians. She would translate to Charbonneau in French and he would translate to Lewis and Clark into English. During her trip she gave birth to a son, and, all the while taking care of him, guided the explorers trough Indian lands, protected them from Indian attacks, kept valuable items from being lost–her husband was a klutz, and even found them food to supplement their all-meat diet. Other women covertly did the jobs of men such as Deborah Champion, a teenage girl who bought parcels, messages and pay to General George Washington when soldiers could not. Some other messengers were Behethland Moore and Sybil Ogden Ludington, dubbed the â€Å"female Paul Revere† (she rode about twice as far as he did on his famous ride). Still other women, like Harriet Tubman–a conductor on the Underground Railroad, acted secrectly. The history of the world abounds with famous female spies like Pauline Cushman, a Union spy, became a camp follower of the Confederate army. She was discover, tried in a military court, and sentenced to hang; they delayed her sentence due to her health and she was rescued by Union forces. Upon her return North, President Lincoln made her an honorary major. Elizabeth Van Lew was a famous and effective Union spy. She entered the Confederate Libby Prison on the pretense of humanitarian reasons, and, since the guards thought she was harmless and crazy, she gained information about the strength and disposition of the troops. As her work continued, she devised a way to send coded messages inside eggs. Belle Boyd used her feminine wiles to gain secrets and trap Union soldiers. Others posed as soldiers and fought in war. During the Civil War, Ann Clarke dressed as a man in the Confederate army. She was wounded, taken prisoner, and later released. Prudence Wright gathered a women’s troop and dressed in husbands’ uniforms to defend their city from the British. They captured a British spy and turned him over to the Colonial Army. Deborah Sampson Gannet dressed as man in order to fight in Revolution; her husband received land and was granted the pension of a soldier. During her career she was wounded several times and caught a fever which nearly took her life. If it were not for the fever she would have remained a soldier longer, but a doctor finally discovered her secret, but he did not publicly release the fact, instead he sent her to General George Washington who immediately discharged her. Then there was the famous story of Sarah Emma Edmonds who enlisted in the Union army as Frank Thompson, a male nurse. She effectively guarded her secret for many years even taking on disguises of men and women, blacks and whites to spy. She left the army for medical treatment in an area where she was unknown, when she did this, Frank Thompson was viewed as a deserter. Afterwards, she fought to be recognized for her achievements, and, with a special act of Congress, she was honorably discharged and given a pension. The Confederacy had plenty of female spies too. Included in this number is Antonia Ford who passed along to Confederate J. E. B. Stuart information on Union troop activity. Rose O’Neal Greenhow was such a successful spy that she was imprisoned twice, and then exiled to the Confederate states. She was to tour Britain and France as a propagandist for the Confederate cause; her memoirs were published with a wide sale throughout the British Isles. She obtained more and more sympathy for the South. There was also the case of Loreta Janeta Velazquez who enlisted in disguise and served at Manassas/Bull Run, Ball’s Bluff, Fort Donelson, and Shiloh under the name Lieutenant Harry T. Buford. She also claims to have served as a spy and worked working as a double agent for the Confederacy in the service of the U. S. Secret Service. To this day no one can determine if in fact any of these accounts are true,, although a newspaper report mentions a Lieutenant Bensford arrested when it was disclosed â€Å"he† was actually a woman giving her name as Alice Williams. Even in Colonial times America was full of willing female spies and messengers such as Dicey Langston was a teenage colonial spy who forded a river, up to her shoulders, to get details of British troop movement to the colonial army. And then there was Emily Geiger a messenger for General Greene in the Colonial army. Coming from the direction of Greene’s army, she was suspected and confined to a room. The officer sent for a woman to search her for papers. She sought to destroy the letter; once the door was shut, she ate up the letter, piece by piece. Lydia Darragh was a mortician and would watch British troops from the window of her house. She sent messages about their activities through one of her sons and then to another soldier to get information to Washington’s Army. British officer Major Andre commandeered her house, but allowed the family to stay in the house. She could then listen in on their plotting and send word of their plans. Others’ influences were merely accidental like Peggy O’Neale Eaton, married Senator John Eaton in 1828 during Andrew Jackson’s presidency. Many gossiped about her colorful past and seeming infidelity with her first husband, when she married Eaton, she shunned by cabinet members’ wives due to her assumed sordid past. The behavior of the ladies towards her and the influence upon their husbands created such a disaster that the cabinet fell apart–Jackson fired them all. An unintentional influence on men’s actions was Betsy Loring who was General Howe’s mistress; although she was the wife a loyalist, she distracted General Howe by â€Å"entertaining† and distracting him from battles with General Washington. The United States of America owes an enormous debt to Mary Ball Washington. She set the example of solid morals and religious opinions, and even read to her children aloud. We need to thank her for one incidentally decision that she made regarding the future of her son. When George was fourteen years old, his half-brother Lawrence obtained a midshipman’s warrant for him in the English naval service. George was already packed and ready to go, but his mother refused to give her consent at the last minute. So, because of an inadvertent decision, George Washington became the Father of Our Country and our first President instead of an English naval officer. In conclusion, in all nations, including the United States, women have been influencing, either directly or indirectly, the decision and actions of the men. Regardless of whether we believe that changes women have made are good or bad, they have helped define this great nation of ours, and, as the French say, â€Å"Viva la difference. Collins, G. (2003). America’s Women: 400 Years of Dolls, Drudges, Helpmates, and Heroines. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Roberts, C. (2004_) Founding Mothers: the Women Who Raised Our Nation. _ New York: HarperCollins Publishers Roberts, C. (2008). Ladies of Liberty: the Women Who Shaped Our Nation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Taylor, S. K. (2004). The Diary of Susie King Taylor, Civil War nurse. Tarrytown, NY: Benchmark books Zall, P. M. (1991). Founding Mothers: Profiles of Ten Wives of America’s Founding Fathers. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books How to cite Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War, Papers

Constraints of Quality Control - Free Sample- Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about theConstraints of Quality Control. Answer: Introduction Quality control is defined as the activity that is undertaken to ensure that the quality of an end product of a manufacture (from industry) or project is according to the pre-set standards. However, recently, quality control is mostly ignored by the project managers in order to save time and money in the project. In order to analyse and address this issue, this literature review has been conducted that is mainly based on the quality control of a project. The entire study has been conducted on different factors related to the quality control and issues related to a project. The study first starts with the analysis of the importance of quality control in a project and then the role of project managers or organization leaders in ensuring the quality of the project and finally the adverse effects that may be occur in a project due to lack of quality control. Furthermore in this report, the use of technology for quality control has been suggested and for that purpose, the different techno logical processes that can aid the quality control and management of a project have been analysed. In this assignment, a literature review has been conducted on the quality control factors and the constraints that prevent application of quality control in a project. Following the literature review study and analysis, suitable recommendations have been provided for the purpose of quality control of a project. Literature Review Quality control is a system that is needed more and more with the progress of time as the needs for setting a certain standard of outputs are growing. This is mainly because, these days, most of the manufactures are only after profits and hence, in order to maximize it; they are continuously using poor quality materials for the manufacture of the products. As a result, the outcome of the manufacture is of the poor quality and this is resulting in the depletion of customer satisfaction that in turn negatively affects the business of the retailers. Researchers have studied this issue for some time and have developed the concept of quality control. A literature review has been conducted based on the works different researchers as follows. According to Munier (2013), some manufacturers, especially in the countries with developing economy ignore the quality factor and aims for producing the materials at the least possible expense for gaining maximum possible profits. As a result, they are delivering poor quality products to the retailers who are in turn selling poor quality products to the customers. This in turn angers the customers and the customer base of the retailer starts to decrease. However, this does not affect the manufacturer much as they find other retailers to sell their products. According to the researcher, this is significantly affecting the retailers and the customers whereas the manufacturer is earning huge amounts from selling poor quality products at low cost. As per the works of Corona-Surez, AbouRizk and Karapetrovic (2014), not only the retail industry, quality factors are also becoming rising issues in projects as many project managers are not undertaking sufficient measures for the quality control of the project. As a result, the quality of the project is getting severely affected. It is the duty of the project manager to control the quality of the project in order to ensure complete success of the project. Without quality control, the project may be successful but after sometime, various faults and loopholes of the project become noticeable. Phillips (2013) said that quality control is a problem that is adversely affecting all the industries as this is the age of capitalism and each and every company is looking to earn maximum amount of profits irrespective of the quality of the product or service outcome. Quality control requires extra expenses and project manager himself has to conduct the quality control steps which also incur a lot of time. Project management is all about the cost and time efficiency and hence, quality control is easily one of the activities that can excluded from a project by the project manager. However, Sallis (2014) reiterates the importance of the project quality management in his works regarding quality control. According to him, instead of considering project quality management as waste of time and money, the project managers should see it as one of the most important and integral parts of the project that should never be ignored in order to satisfy the clients and maintain the customer base. Moreover, ignoring quality control saves time and money but has only short term effect whereas suitable quality control reduces the profit but the advantages are applicable for a long term. Moreover, initially, the company has to bear some costs whereas in the long term, their profits will continue to grow exponentially. Kerzner (2013) researched about the constraints of quality control that are mainly faced by the project managers during the course of a budget. According to him, the following are the main constraints faced by the project managers. Time Constraint: Often, the projects have extremely limited amount of time and the project managers consider quality control as a waste of time and an excess to the requirements. Moreover, before starting the project, the company instructs the project managers to earn as much profit as they can as an outcome of the project. Hence, the project manager generally emphasizes on maximizing the cost benefit factors of the project instead of analysing the quality aspects of the project. Cost Constraint: Again, like the previous point, cost constraint is an important behind the lack of quality control implementation in the project. Most of the projects have limited budgets and the project managers are to gain maximum amount of profits and cost benefit from the project as well as not to exceed the project budget during the project. Hence, quality control is also considered by the managers as waste of money and they emphasize on maximizing the cost benefit factors for the project. Scope: According to the researcher, scope is another main constraint that for the lack of quality control in the project. While preparation of the project scope, the project manager emphasizes on the main deliverables of the project and generally ignores the quality control of the project as it is considered as waste of time and money. Hence, after the preparation of the project scope, the quality control is ignored and not included as a part of the project. As per the works of Low and Ong (2014), there are certain steps that can be taken to improve that quality of the project and maintain the limits of time, scope and budget as well. These are discussed as follows. Consider Quality Control as Part of Project During the preparation of a project plan, the organization chairman and the project manager should consider quality control as an integral part of the project. They should know the importance of quality control in the project as well as maintaining a good customer base and act accordingly during the course of the project. While preparing the project plan document, the project manager should include quality control at different parts of the project to ensure all the project activities are conducted according to plan and a sufficient quality is maintained. Arrange Time and Money for Quality Control When the plans of most of the projects are prepared, the organization owners estimate the cost and time requirements excluding the quality control during the project. Hence, the budget and time get limited and as a result, there is no scope of inclusion of quality control within the project. However, if the quality control factor is considered early during the project planning, there will be no shortage of time and budget (Oakland 2014). However, first, the organization owner should be able to value the importance of quality control and ensure a specific quality of the project output that will also not negatively affect the customer satisfaction rating. Value the Customers over Time and Money Another important factor that stands as an obstacle to the quality control factor of the project is the companys emphasis of the cost and time benefits instead of fulfilling the requirements of the client. Although the company reiterates that their sole focus is solely on the clients needs, in reality, their sole focus is earning maximum amount of profits. Hence, simply preparing a strong mission and vision statement is not enough for the company, they should be able to understand the importance of quality in maintaining a strong customer base and implement it accordingly in the project. Utilize Technology Nowadays, quality control in a project is also aided by the advanced technologies that also save a lot of time and money. Different technical projects like electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and others are now aided by advanced simulation and software driven technologies that can help to control the quality of the project if applied properly (Botje et al. 2014). For instance, during the design of water flow tanks controlled by a PID Controller, the researchers generally prepare a theoretical model and apply the model in the real design accordingly. However, the quality of the final design becomes poor and inefficient. However, with the help of MATLAB (a simulation software), the researcher can easily prepare the final design of the project, simulate it to get the results and then prepare the same for the real design. Again, there are several simulation tools that are utilized by the mechanical engineers in order to ensure the quality of the outcomes of the project. Hence, it has been seen that quality control is not a very impossible job for the project managers neither it is a waste of time and money. The companies should be able to value the opinions and requirements of the customers and should take suitable steps to ensure the quality of the services or the products provided to the customer are always of the best quality. This will not only help increase the customer base but will also strengthen the customer base that will result in slow but exponential increasing in the annual revenue of the company (Shaari et al. 2015). Moreover, since technology is here to aid the process of quality control, the companies and organizations should fully utilize its help and implement quality control in the project. Moreover, quality control of the project should be done by the project manager and accordingly, the project monitoring should be done. Furthermore, the company should not consider quality control as waste of time and money and should spend the money for quality control no matter what in order to ensure best quality outcome of the project. Conclusion In this assignment, a literature review has been conducted on the quality control factors and the constraints that prevent application of quality control in a project. Quality control is a system that is needed more and more with the progress of time as the needs for setting a certain standard of outputs are growing. This is mainly because, these days, most of the manufactures are only after profits and hence, in order to maximize it; they are continuously using poor quality materials for the manufacture of the products. As a result, the outcome of the manufacture is of the poor quality and this is resulting in the depletion of customer satisfaction that in turn negatively affects the business of the retailers. Researchers have studied this issue for some time and have developed the concept of quality control. Instead of considering project quality management as waste of time and money, the project managers should see it as one of the most important and integral parts of the project that should never be ignored in order to satisfy the clients and maintain the customer base. Moreover, ignoring quality control saves time and money but has only short term effect whereas suitable quality control reduces the profit but the advantages are applicable for a long term. 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